Transformer Tool · 009

Primary in.
Secondary out.

Enter any two known values across primary and secondary voltage and turns — the rest solve automatically using the turns ratio relationship.

Transformer Turns Ratio Calculator
1 : 1
Enter any two values to solve the rest.

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Discussion

Transformer Ratio: Formula and Practical Example

An ideal transformer relates primary and secondary voltage to the number of turns on each winding. The voltage ratio follows the turns ratio.

Formula

Vp / Vs = Np / Ns, where Vp and Vs are primary and secondary voltages and Np and Ns are the corresponding winding turns.

Example

If a transformer has 230 V on the primary and 23 V on the secondary, the voltage ratio is 10:1. If the secondary has 100 turns, an idealized calculation gives about 1,000 primary turns.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter any compatible known voltage and turns values.
  2. Use the calculator to determine the remaining values when enough information is provided.
  3. Check the displayed ratio before applying the result to a design.

Important Notes

Real transformers have winding resistance, leakage reactance, losses and voltage regulation. Therefore, measured load voltage may differ from the ideal turns-ratio calculation. Never use the calculator alone to determine safe operating limits.

FAQs

Does a step-up transformer increase current? Ideally, increasing voltage reduces available current for the same apparent power, subject to transformer losses.

Can two voltage values determine the ratio? Yes. Vp/Vs directly gives the ideal voltage ratio.